EXTRACT FROM SPEECH BY MAJ GEN OPPERMAN AT THE SOUTH AFRICAN SPORTS, ARTS, CULTURE AND HERITAGE CONFERENCE IN JOHANNESBURG ON 23 AND 24 FEBRUARY 2006

 

THE SITUATION CONCERNING INTANGIBLE ASSETS

 

7.                   Whilst it would, in view of the indifference of many members of this cultural group and the crippling need for more funds, be over-confident and even presumptuous to try and suggest that all is well as far as the Afrikaners' tangible assets (i.e. monuments, museums, works of art, architecture etc) are concerned, it is rather on the side of the intangible assets (i.e. language, history, music, performing arts, oral traditions, social practices etc) that many Afrikaans speaking people are re-acting with mixed feelings.

 

8.                   On the positive side it is encouraging to note the spontaneous renewed interest in and awareness of certain aspects of their intangible inheritance, like traditional music and song, inspiring many youth members and young people once again to become involved in it. The active role played by the various Afrikaans cultural festivals, and the ATKV in this regard, especially to promote the Afrikaans language as spanning different cultural groups, deserves special mention.

 

9.                   It is also gratifying to take note of the strong and positive stand recently taken by the youth members of the Voortrekkers, an Afrikaans cultural youth organisation, about their own culture and their role in the new South Africa. They proclaimed themselves, inter alia, to be proud Afrikaners but also proudly South African, ready to proceed with all other South Africans towards a better future for all in our country.

 

10.               Cultural diversity implies the acknowledgement of the identities of the different cultural minority groups.  Franklin D. Roosevelt said: “No democracy can long survive which does not accept as fundamental to its existence, the recognition of the rights of minorities”.   It is a basic Human Right and our Constitution clearly lays the foundation for the conservation of cultural and related rights. Yet, in practise, it is not always so clear cut.

 

11.               Despite the positive developments in certain areas, the author, Max du Preez, who used to be a big opponent of the previous dispensation, recently stated that Afrikaners and Whites are losing their short-lived sense of belonging, of being an integral part of the nation of South Africa. What is giving rise to this new perception of becoming outcast, a feeling of having become the targets of a new cultural onslaught against them? Only three examples will be cited.

 

THE LANGUAGE QUESTION

 

12.               First and foremost would be what is described by Prof Hermann Giliomee as “…the greatest threat since Britain smashed the Boer Republics in the South African War (1899-1902) and tried to anglicize their children". Prof Giliomee goes on to say that this time the adversary is an Anglophile African nationalism”, causing a growing discontent among Afrikaners about the Government’s policy with respect to language and mother tongue education. 

 

13.        Giliomee also explains that the Nationalists developed Afrikaans into a public language, both as a means of overcoming feelings of inferiority towards English speakers and as a unique form of cultural expression.  It might be interesting to note that Afrikaans was one of four languages in the world (the other being Hebrew, Hindi and Indonesian-Malay) which, in the course of the twentieth century, was standardised and used in all branches of life and learning, including at post-graduate level at university and in science and technology.  Hebrew and Afrikaans were the only languages spoken by a very small speech community that managed to achieve that feat.  Afrikaans was the only one to do so in the face of direct competition with English, one of the few universal languages. Considering these facts, it might become clearer why Afrikaans speaking people are so proud of their language and are hanging onto it for dear life.

 

14.        It is indeed sorry that some prominent Afrikaans speaking persons in positions of power and influence, especially from the business community, would much rather mask their Afrikaner identity and appear unconcerned about language and culture. As a result Afrikaans, arguably the most important cultural asset of many South Africans and not only the Afrikaners, has suffered a precipitous decline as a public language.

 

15.        Despite some exceptions, this attitude also negatively impacts on the access of the Afrikaner cultural establishment to private sources of financial support. According to Giliomee, the assumption that corporations with historic Afrikaner ties would support Afrikaans is mistaken. Instead the prevailing impression is that most Afrikaans speaking business leaders have their respective corporate interests uppermost in mind when they meet Government as part of an ‘Afrikaner delegation’. Apparently, most big companies fear that the Government can punish a corporation severely should it incur its displeasure.

 

16.        Fortunately, there are also individuals who are willing to stand up despite the business risks that might be involved, as businessman Johan Rupert recently proved when he withdrew advertisements from a British magazine who openly insulted the Afrikaans language.

 

THE HISTORY QUESTION

 

17.        Whilst it must immediately be admitted that the history as previously taught at schools, was principally the history of the White people, specifically the Afrikaans speaking people and their predecessors. Nowadays however many Afrikaans speaking people perceive the new history to be tantamount to "a bastardization of history", as a total disregard for the achievements of the past and a deliberate attempt to reconstruct, to renegotiate and even to recreate the history. Frequently this is done with total disregard for excellent research done in the past, which is casually discredited and replaced by unsubstantiated oral history versions, which again could easily be based on own agendas and distortions.

 

18.               One specific case in mind, is the history of the Battle of Blood River/Ncome, arguably perhaps one of the most sensitive and emotionally laden events in our shared past. To try and write this battle out of history, to try and suggest that is was a figment of White imagination, and that in fact it was a resounding military victory for the Zulu Impi's who took part in the battle, to belittle the question of divine intervention, although there are some Afrikaans speaking historians who might also rather explain the outcome of the battle as a mere tactical success, the discrediting of the Vow as something that should be "renegotiated" by the various interested parties, are seen by many Afrikaans speaking people as provocative in the extreme. Public statements to this effect cause a reaction amongst many Afrikaans speaking people that would rather undermine than support the desire to effect greater reconciliation and nation building.

 

19.               This obviously does not mean that there is no room for further research and new perspectives about the history. The role played by members of other cultural groups during the Great Trek, and in fact in the Laager at Blood River itself, has not yet been put into perspective, and needs further scientific research and investigation.

 

THE CHANGING OF PLACE NAMES QUESTION

 

20.        Disregard for the Afrikaner’s history (or the country’s so-called colonial history) is evident in many actions taken by Government to redress the inequities of the past.  Although much could be said about name changes effected under the previous dispensation (e.g. Voortrekker-hoogte in the place of Robert's Heights, now Thaba Tshwane), it would be a pity if we haven't learned from the mistakes of the past. Perhaps it would have been better to resort to a system of dual names, to be phased in over a period of time, with the most legitimate ones surviving, than to summarily revert to name changes that lead to emotional reaction and fly in the face of attempts to achieve greater reconciliation and nation building.

 

21.               The Minister of Arts and Culture has thus far illustrated that he is acutely aware of the possible negative effects of such name changes, and he is therefore obviously applying his mind when such name changes are submitted to him for consideration, and we would like to thank him for that.